Physical Therapy Nest

ACL injuries are diagnosed with a combination of clinical tests and imaging:

• Medical history review (injury mechanism, popping sound, immediate symptoms).

• Physical exam using stability tests (e.g., Lachman test, anterior drawer test).

• Imaging:

  • MRI is the gold standard for confirming ACL tears and ruling out meniscus or cartilage damage.

  • X-rays may be used to rule out fractures.

Treatment depends on the severity of the injury and the patient’s activity level. Physical therapy plays a vital role in both non-surgical management and post-surgical rehab. Therapy may include:

• Pre-surgical therapy (“pre-hab”) to reduce swelling and strengthen the knee before surgery

• Post-surgical rehabilitation to restore mobility, stability, and strength

• Manual therapy to reduce stiffness and improve joint motion

• Strengthening exercises for quadriceps, hamstrings, and hip stabilizers

• Balance and proprioception training to restore stability and prevent reinjury

• Education on safe return-to-sport progression and injury prevention strategies

Common signs of an ACL injury include:

• A popping sound at the time of injury

• Immediate, severe knee pain

• Rapid swelling within a few hours

• Instability or “giving way” when walking or pivoting

• Difficulty bearing weight on the injured leg

• Loss of full range of motion

To reduce the risk of ACL injuries or reinjury:

• Perform neuromuscular training programs focused on landing mechanics, agility, and balance

• Strengthen quadriceps, hamstrings, hips, and core for stability

• Stretch regularly to maintain mobility in the legs and hips

• Use proper jumping and landing techniques during sports

• Wear supportive footwear that fits your activity

• Address early signs of knee instability before returning to play