Physical Therapy Nest

Diagnosis of hand arthritis may include:

• Medical history review (pain patterns, stiffness, family history).

• Physical exam checking for swelling, tenderness, or joint deformity.

• Range of motion testing for fingers, thumb, and wrist.

• Imaging:

  • X-rays to show cartilage loss, bone spurs, or joint space narrowing.

  • Blood tests may be ordered to confirm rheumatoid arthritis.

While arthritis cannot be reversed, physical therapy helps manage symptoms and maintain hand function. Treatment may include:

• Manual therapy to improve joint mobility and reduce stiffness

• Range of motion and stretching exercises to keep joints flexible

• Strengthening exercises for hand and forearm muscles to support joints

• Joint protection strategies (adaptive tools, splints, or braces)

• Pain management using heat, paraffin wax baths, ultrasound, or electrical stimulation

• Education on pacing daily tasks and reducing joint strain

• Fine motor exercises to improve dexterity and independence
  In severe cases, surgery may be considered, but therapy remains essential before and after procedures.

Common signs of hand arthritis include:

• Joint pain that worsens with activity or weather changes

• Stiffness, especially in the morning or after rest

• Swelling or warmth around joints

• Decreased grip strength and difficulty holding objects

• Clicking, grinding, or popping in affected joints

• Visible joint changes or deformities in advanced cases

To slow arthritis progression and manage symptoms:

• Perform hand exercises daily to maintain strength and mobility

• Use ergonomic tools and joint protection techniques

• Avoid repetitive stress and heavy gripping tasks when possible

• Maintain a healthy weight to reduce overall joint stress

• Manage inflammation with physician-guided medications if needed

• Address symptoms early to preserve hand function