Physical Therapy Nest

Diagnosis of patellofemoral syndrome usually includes:

• Medical history review (activity level, type of sports, onset of pain).

• Physical exam checking kneecap tracking, tenderness, and muscle imbalances.

• Movement assessments like squatting or step-down tests to reproduce symptoms.

• Imaging (X-ray or MRI) may be used to rule out arthritis, cartilage damage, or fractures.

Physical therapy is the most effective treatment for patellofemoral syndrome, focusing on realignment and strengthening. A treatment plan may include:

• Manual therapy to improve kneecap tracking and relieve stiffness

• Strengthening exercises for the quadriceps, hips, and glutes to support proper alignment

• Stretching routines for tight muscles (hamstrings, IT band, and calves)

• Taping or bracing to help guide kneecap movement during activity

• Pain management with ice, heat, or electrical stimulation

• Education on footwear, training modifications, and proper movement mechanics

Common signs of patellofemoral syndrome include:

• Dull, aching pain in the front of the knee (behind or around the kneecap)

• Pain that worsens with running, squatting, climbing stairs, or prolonged sitting (“theater sign”)

• Cracking, grinding, or popping sounds during knee movement

• Knee stiffness after activity or rest

• Occasional swelling or tenderness around the kneecap

To prevent runner’s knee or reduce recurrence:

• Strengthen hip, glute, and quadriceps muscles regularly

• Stretch the IT band, hamstrings, and calves to maintain flexibility

• Use proper footwear that supports alignment

• Avoid sudden increases in running mileage or intensity

• Practice correct squat and lunge form during workouts

• Address early knee pain instead of pushing through it