Shoulder Fractures
( Clavicle & Scapula)
Shoulder fractures involve breaks in the bones that form the shoulder joint most commonly the clavicle (collarbone) and scapula (shoulder blade). Clavicle fractures often occur from falls onto the shoulder or outstretched arm, while scapula fractures are less common and usually result from high-impact trauma such as car accidents. These fractures can cause severe pain, swelling, and loss of function. With proper treatment and physical therapy, most patients regain mobility and strength.
Diagnosis of Shoulder Fractures
Diagnosis of shoulder fractures usually involves:
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Medical history review (injury details, fall, or accident mechanism).
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Physical exam checking for swelling, bruising, tenderness, or deformity.
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Imaging tests such as X-rays to confirm the fracture and determine alignment.
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CT scans or MRI may be used for complex fractures or suspected soft tissue damage.
Treatment of Shoulder Fractures
Treatment depends on the severity and location of the fracture. Physical therapy is an important part of recovery once the bone begins healing. Care may include:
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Immobilization with a sling or brace during the early healing phase
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Pain management using ice, heat, or prescribed medication
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Manual therapy (when cleared) to restore mobility and reduce stiffness
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Gentle range of motion exercises once healing is stable
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Strengthening exercises for the rotator cuff, scapular stabilizers, and surrounding muscles
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Education on safe return to activity, sports, or work
In severe fractures, surgical fixation with plates or screws may be required, followed by structured rehabilitation.
Symptoms of Shoulder Fractures
Common signs and symptoms of clavicle or scapula fractures include:
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Severe shoulder pain immediately after injury
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Swelling, bruising, or visible deformity
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Difficulty or inability to move the arm
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Grinding or cracking sensation with movement
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Tenderness at the fracture site
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In clavicle fractures: sagging of the shoulder downward and forward
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In scapula fractures: pain radiating into the upper back or chest
Prevention of Shoulder Fractures
To reduce the risk of shoulder fractures:
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Use protective gear in contact sports or high-risk activities
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Practice fall prevention strategies, such as balance training and safe home setups
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Maintain strong bones through proper nutrition (calcium, vitamin D) and weight-bearing exercise
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Avoid risky behaviors that increase fall or accident risk
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Strengthen shoulder and upper body muscles to improve stability and resilience