Spinal Trauma & Fracture
Spine trauma occurs when the spinal cord or surrounding structures are injured due to a sudden blow, fall, accident, or sports injury. These injuries can range from mild contusions to complete spinal cord damage. Because the spine controls so many essential body functions, trauma must always be treated immediately.
Spinal fracture is a break in one or more vertebrae. These injuries can cause sudden pain, limit movement, and put the spinal cord at risk for serious complications such as nerve damage or paralysis. Spinal fractures often occur from car accidents, falls, or high-impact sports.
Diagnosis of Spine Trauma
Your physician will order imaging such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to evaluate the injury. Testing usually includes the entire spine, not just the area where pain is felt, to rule out other injuries. During diagnosis, the spine is immobilized to prevent further damage.
Symptoms of Spine Trauma
-
Severe back or neck pain
-
Muscle weakness or spasms
-
Stiffness or overactive reflexes
-
Tingling, stinging, or numbness
-
Difficulty breathing
-
Changes in heart rate or blood pressure
-
Loss of bladder or bowel control
-
Loss of sensation or strength
-
Paralysis in severe cases
Treatment of Spine Trauma
-
Immobilization of the head, neck, and back
-
Steroid medications to reduce swelling
-
Physical therapy to rebuild strength and mobility
-
Occupational therapy to improve independence
-
Rehabilitation programs for long-term recovery
-
Surgery in severe cases to stabilize the spine
Prevention of Spine Trauma
-
Always wear a seatbelt when driving or riding in a car
-
Prevent falls by using handrails and nonslip mats
-
Play sports safely with proper protective gear
-
Never dive into shallow or unknown water depths
Diagnosis of Spinal Fractures
Doctors use X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to determine if a fracture is present and which vertebrae are affected. A neurological exam is often performed to check for nerve damage.
Symptoms of Spinal Fractures:
-
Back or neck pain (depending on where the fracture is located)
-
Difficulty moving or reduced mobility
-
Numbness or weakness in arms, legs, or other body parts
-
Tingling sensations around the injury site
-
Bowel or bladder changes (possible nerve involvement)
-
Muscle spasms
-
Paralysis in severe cases
Treatment of Spinal Fractures:
-
Immobilization with braces or supports
-
Pain management and anti-inflammatory medication
-
Physical therapy to strengthen muscles and restore movement
-
Rehabilitation to rebuild independence and prevent complications
-
Surgery in severe cases to stabilize the spine and protect the spinal cord
Prevention of Spinal Fractures:
-
Drive safely and wear a seatbelt at all times
-
Use precautions to prevent slips and falls
-
Maintain bone health through proper nutrition and weight-bearing exercise
-
Protect your back during high-impact activities and sports